DNA fingerprinting reveals varietal composition of Vietnamese cassava germplasm (Manihot esculenta Crantz) from farmers’ field and genebank collections
Authors
Date Issued
2022-06Date Online
2021-02Language
enType
Journal ArticleReview status
Peer ReviewISI journal
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Open AccessUsage rights
CC-BY-4.0Metadata
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Ocampo, J.; Ovalle, T.; Labarta, R.; Phuong Le, D.; de Haan, S.; Vu, N.A.; Kha, L.Q.; Becerra Lopez-Lavalle, L.A. (2021) DNA fingerprinting reveals varietal composition of Vietnamese cassava germplasm (Manihot esculenta Crantz) from farmers’ field and genebank collections. Plant Molecular Biology, Online first paper (25 February 2021). 18 p. ISSN: 1573-5028
Permanent link to cite or share this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/118382
Abstract/Description
Cassava is the most important smallholder cash crops in Southeast Asia and is especially used in industrial products. Yet, systematic genetic studies on molecular markers from Vietnamese germplasm have not been considered for breeding and conservation programs. We conducted a molecular analysis of 1570 clones of cassava germplasm from farms across six agro-ecological zones using informative SNP markers. We unraveled the genetic diversity and population structure and provided insights into the value of breeding and conservation programs. Duplicated genotypes comprised 98% of the total sample of the Central Highlands region. Ninety-six SNPs were amplified Central Highlands and South East provinces had the highest allelic richness, covering up to 83% of alleles. The average observed heterozygosity (Ho = 0.43) was slightly higher than expected (He = 0.40) across SNP markers, suggesting an excess of heterozygotes plants. Diversity indexes indicated that cassava populations from North West and Eastern Vietnam are genetically diverse (mean He = 0.40). Genetic parentage tests identified 85 unique genetic groups within the varieties KM94, KM419, BRA1305, KM101, KM140, PER262, KM60, KM57 and two unidentified varieties, which accounted for 82% of the frequency distribution. KM94 is the most dominant variety in Vietnamese farms surveyed (38%), reflecting its superior quality and productivity. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) revealed four main subgroups, which were partially corroborated by neighbor joining (NJ) analyses. After removing duplicates, 31 unique genotypes were distributed across five of the agro-ecological zones. These were well distributed in the subgroups revealed via DAPC and NJ analyses. The genetic groups identified herein could be used to select unique accessions that should ideally conform with ex situ germplasm collections and identify areas where on-farm conservation programs should be targeted. Newly identified genotypes may also contribute as genetic breeding resources that could be used to adapt cassava to future changes and farmers’ needs.
CGIAR Author ORCID iDs
Tatiana Ovallehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-5461
John Ocampohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2720-7824
Ricardo Labartahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3517-8768
Luis Augusto Becerra Lopez-Lavallehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3520-2270