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    Pathogenicity of Theileria parva is influenced by the host cell type infected by the parasite

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    Authors
    Morrison, W. Ivan
    MacHugh, Niall D.
    Lalor, P.A.
    Date
    1996
    Language
    en
    Type
    Journal Article
    Accessibility
    Limited Access
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    Citation
    Infection and Immunity;64(2): 557-562
    Permanent link to cite or share this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10568/28752
    External link to download this item: http://iai.asm.org/content/64/2/557.long
    Abstract/Description
    Theileria parva has been shown to infect and transform B cells and T cells at similar frequencies in vitro. However, the majority of parasitized cells in the tissues of infected cattle are alpha/beta T cells. The aim of this study was to determine whether the cell type infected with T. parva influenced the pathogenicity of the parasite. The initial approach, which involved inoculation of cattle with autologous cloned cell lines of different phenotypes, failed to resolve the issue, because the prolonged period of culture required to clone and characterize the cell lines resulted in attenuation of the cells. As an alternative approach, cattle were inoculated with purified populations of autologous cells that had been incubated in vitro with T. parva sporozoites for 48 h. As few as 3 X 10 to the square root of 4 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) treated in this way were found to produce severe clinical reactions with high levels of parasitosis. Infections of similar severity were produced with purified populations of CD2+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells. By contrast, infected B cells gave rise to mild self-limiting infections even when administered at a 10-fold-higher dose. In animals that received infected CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, the parasitized cells in the lymph nodes on day 11 of infection were all within the CD4+ and CD8+ populations, respectively, indicating that there had been minimal transfer of the parasite between cell types. Phenotypic analyses of cultures of PBMC infected in vitro with saturating concentrations of sporozoites revealed that parasitized B cells were abundant in the cultures after 1 week but were subsequently overgrown by T cells. The results of these experiments indicate that the cell type infected by T. parva influences the pathogenicity of the parasite.
    AGROVOC Keywords
    THEILERIA PARVA; PATHOGENICITY; PHENOTYPES
    Subjects
    ANIMAL FEEDING; FEEDS; LIVESTOCK; VACCINES;
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